The Skyborg ជាភាសាខ្មែរប្រែថា យាន្តព្រះឥន្រ្ទយ៍ តែភាសាអគ្លេសសំដៅថាជា យាន្តមកពីភពខាងក្រៅ ឬ អាលាន Alien Flight /Alien Drone ជាយាន្តមកពីភពខាងក្រៅផែនដី ចំណែកភាសាយោធា គេហៅថា យាន្តដឹកដឹងយន្តហោះ The Flying Aircraft Carrier ខុសពី នាវាផ្តូកយន្តហោះ Aircraft Carrier ដែលប្រតិបត្តិការនៅលើទឹក ចំណែក Skyborg គឺជាយាន្តផ្ទុកយន្តហោះនៅលើអាកាស។ គោលបំណង នៃការបង្កើតយាន្តព្រះឥន្រ្តយ៍ គឺដើម្បី ដឹកយន្តហោះលើអាកាស ដែលក្នុងមួយក្រុមនេះ មាន យន្តហោះ F22 or F-35 or F-16 សម្រាប់ធ្វើជា ទីបញ្ជាការ, និង យន្តហោះ ១គ្រឿងធំ សម្រាប់ដឹក យន្តហោះដ្រូន drone តូច ដែលយន្តហោះដ្រូននេះគេហៅថា Skyborg អាចធ្វើជា យន្តហោះស៊ើបការណ៍ ប្រយុទ្ធ អត្តឃាដ បញ្ឆោត ពោលគីបំពេញបេសកម្មសព្វបែបយ៉ាង ដែលគ្រោះថ្នាក់ ដូច្នេះបានជា ដ្រូននេះត្រូវតែមាន តម្លៃថោកសមរម្យ។ យាន្តព្រះឥន្រ្តយ៍ ត្រូវហោះជាហ្វូង ចូលវាយពីខាងក្រោយ ខ្សែត្រៀមរបស់ខ្មាំងផង និង ពីខាងមុខផង។ ការបញ្ជា ត្រូវធ្វើនៅលើអាកាស និងមានទំនាក់ទំនង ជាមួយ ផ្ទៃដី ផ្ទៃទឹក ផ្ទៃអាកាសជាមួយ បណ្តាអង្គភាពមិត្ត៕
ប្រទេសថៃ បានបំពាក់ និងកំពុងស្រាវជ្រាវបន្ថែមក្នុងការប្រើប្រព៍ន្ធ Skyborg យាន្តព្រះឥន្រ្ទយ៍ ដោយប្រើប្រាស់យន្តហោះ drone ហោះអប ការពារជាក្រុមជាមួយ យន្តហោះមានមនុស្សបើកបរធុន F-15. ការប្រើប្រាស់ដ្រូនគឺសម្រាប់កម្រិតបេសកម្មដែល មានហានិភ័យខ្ពស់ និង មធ្យម ចំណែកតំបន់ ឬសមរភូមិដែលគ្មានហានិភ័យ គេនឹងប្រើយន្តហោះមានអ្នកបើកបរ។
Airspace control is essential to accomplishing the JFC's objectives. It allows all users to access needed airspace while preventing conflicts among those competរing users. To better organize operational airspace, three characterizations exist:
- Denied-access combat airspace: a high risk exists for many, but not all, US and coalition aircraft from integrated air defense systems, electronic warfare, and fighter aircraft. The airspace is characterized by pervasive enemy activity. Expect operations to result in high losses or denial of sustained operations until a measure of air superiority can be achieved.
- Contested combat airspace: a medium risk exists to US and coalition aircraft within the airspace of interest. Expect the enemy to employ fighters, anti-aircraft systems, and electronic jamming. US and coalition aircraft can achieve localized air superiority for operations within portions of the airspace. Enemy air defense assets are neither fully integrated nor attrited.
- 3 Permissive combat airspace: a low risk exists for US and coalition aircraft operations within the airspace of interest. Operations can expect little to no use of adversary electronic warfare, communications jamming, anti-aircraft systems, or aircraft. Air superiority or air supremacy has been achieved.
DARPA Wants to Turn Cargo Planes Into Flying Aircraft Carriers for DronesThe Department of Defense wants the ability to launch and recover small drones from C-130 Hercules transports. The drones, nicknamed Gremlins after the mythological tricksters of the air, would be equipped with customized payloads and turned loose on enemy defenses, doing everything from intelligence collection to destroying radar sites and other ground targets. The ability would effectively turn the propeller-driven transports into flying aircraft carriers.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has awarded Phase Two contracts to General Atomics Aeronautical Systems—the inventors of the Predator drone —and Dynetics, Inc to develop “complete preliminary designs for full-scale technology demonstration systems, as well as develop and perform risk-reduction tests of individual system components” In other words, they want a working drone with key components already tested.
Gremlins will be small, low-cost fliers that can be equipped with a variety of payloads for different purposes. Each Gremlin will have a payload limit of 60 pounds and a range of 300 miles. A C-130 equipped with Gremlins could fly near enemy air defenses during wartime, kicking drones out of the back. During peacetime or a crisis, Gremlins could fly near the borders of potential adversaries, collecting signals intelligence, imagery, and other data without risking a pilot.In wartime, Gremlin swarms could identify enemy targets, such as headquarters or air defense radars, presenting them with expendable targets they would have to ignore, allowing the Gremlins to complete their mission, or waste expensive missiles to destroy. Once a picture of the enemy situation develops, other Gremlins equipped with high explosive warheads could fly suicide missions to destroy enemy targets. The same drones could carry out the same missions, with intelligence collection payloads swapped out for high explosive ones. The drones will have a life expectancy of at least 20 flights, although drones sent on suicide missions will obviously have a set life expectancy.Although the Gremlins will be launched and recovered from a C-130 Hercules transport, another altogether different airplane might control them once in the air. According to Scout, USAF F-22 and F-35 fighters could one day control multiple drones in the air, allowing them to coordinate the unmanned air battle behind enemy lines.
The term “Gremlins” goes back to World War II, when aircrews blamed minor issues with their aircraft on invisible creatures that loved to play mischievous tricks.
In addition to being low cost and reusable, the Gremlins will be reusable within 24 hours of a flight. The next phase of the Gremlin initiative, Phase 3, will involve actually launching and recovering the drones from the C-130 transport. That will happen in 2019 or later.
The Air Force will shortly launch its effort to buy Skyborg drone prototypes, according to the official running the unmanned wingman program.
The service will begin soliciting aircraft this month and plans to award contracts to the winning designs by the end of the summer, Advanced Aircraft Program Executive Officer Col. Dale White told Air Force Magazine. Chosen drones will then head into experiments to show off what they can do. White did not say how many airframes the service plans to buy.
Officials envision Skyborg as an unmanned aircraft that would take direction from fighter jets and its own artificial intelligence in combat. Skyborg could fly ahead for reconnaissance or carry out airstrikes without endangering the manned aircraft, and could ferry around a box that allows planes with different communications systems to talk to each other.
Skyborg should also be able to autonomously avoid other aircraft, terrain, obstacles, and hazardous weather, and take off and land on its own, the service said in March 2019.
The Air Force hopes Skyborg’s manned-unmanned teaming will give the service an edge over other advanced militaries, even if USAF misses its goal of growing to 386 squadrons. Presumptive next Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. C.Q. Brown Jr. recently told senators the Valkyrie will offer pilots greater situational awareness and strike capability.
While the Air Force says it has not settled on a single aircraft that will become Skyborg, it often touts Kratos Defense’s XQ-58A Valkyrie as a top contender. Valkyrie is a joint venture between the Air Force Research Laboratory and Kratos to develop comparatively cheaper drones that can assist more advanced aircraft and are easily replaceable if lost. The XQ-58A finished its fourth flight test in January, and is slated to fly in the Air Force’s next Advanced Battle Management System experiment later this year.
Boeing and Lockheed Martin are also planning to jump into the competition. Boeing told Air Force Magazine May 12 the company plans to submit a variant of its “loyal wingman” combat drone designed for the Royal Australian Air Force.
“We have been tracking the Skyborg program since inception and are eager to support the customer’s needs,” a Boeing spokeswoman said. “[Airpower Teaming System] is designed for operational requirements that we see customers needing around the world. We continue to see interest across the Department of Defense in this capability, and we’re engaged with the U.S. industrial base on opportunities to missionize the aircraft for U.S. needs.”
A Lockheed spokeswoman said the company plans to submit a bid “leveraging the leading-edge approaches Skunk Works is known for.” General Atomics said May 18 it plans to support the program’s requirements as well.
Northrop Grumman has not weighed in.
Skyborg is one of three AFRL “vanguard” initiatives that are trying to speed the time it takes to go from research to operational use. The Air Force is asking for $157.6 million across its three vanguard programs in fiscal 2021, and seeks a $25 million plus-up for Skyborg through the unfunded priorities list.
“This joint effort allows the Advanced Aircraft/AFRL Skyborg team to fulfill the spirit of the vanguard programs by replacing the traditional transition from … laboratory to acquisition program office,” White said. The service has said it wants Skyborg ready for operations by the end of 2023.
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